Neoral (Cyclosporine) from Maple Leaf Medications.

Neoral (cyclosporine) Indications

Neoral, generic name of cyclosporine, is prescribed for the prevention of organ rejection following kidney, liver, and heart allogeneic transplants. Neoral is often prescribed in combination with other immunosuppressive medications, such as azathioprine and corticosteroids.

Cyclosporine is also prescribed for the treatment of severe active rheumatoid arthritis and severe, unmanageable plaque psoriasis in patients. Note that cyclosporine should only be used in individuals who have failed to respond to first-line treatments for these conditions.

In transplant patients, cyclosporine works by suppressing the immune system to avert it from attacking the transplanted organ as a foreign object. In autoimmune diseases, cyclosporine suppresses the overactive immune system to reduce inflammation and symptoms associated with the disease.

Neoral (cyclosporine) Uses and Dosage

Cyclosporine should be taken exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional. Cyclosporine is taken orally at the same time(s) daily with or without food. Consistency in how and when it is taken ensures proper absorption and effectiveness.

The dosage can be altered based on the individual patient’s condition and response to the medication. In transplant patients, cyclosporine is typically started before the transplant procedure and continued for several weeks or months afterward.

In the treatment of autoimmune diseases, the dosage and duration of cyclosporine therapy may be adjusted based on the patient’s response to the medication and the degree of symptom relief.

Due to the possible adverse effects of cyclosporine, frequent monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and other relevant parameters may be necessary during treatment.

Neoral (cyclosporine) Side Effects

Common side effects of cyclosporine include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Stomach upset
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Tremors
• Increased hair growth
• Flushing
• Swollen or painful gums

Serious side effects of cyclosporine include:

• Kidney problems (decreased urination, swelling of the ankles/feet)
• Liver problems (yellowing of the skin/eyes, abdominal pain)
• Signs of infection (fever, chills, persistent sore throat)
• Unusual tiredness or weakness
• Uncontrolled shaking or tremors
• Vision changes, such as blurred or loss of vision
• High blood pressure (severe headache, confusion, chest pain)
• Easy bruising or bleeding
• Irregular heartbeat

Taking cyclosporine can possibly cause an allergic reaction in some individuals. Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include:

• Hives
• Rashes
• pruritus
• Swelling (especially of the entire face, tongue, or throat)
• Difficulty breathing
• Tightness in the chest or throat

Immediately discontinue taking cyclosporine and call for emergency help if any signs or symptoms of an allergy transpire.

Neoral (cyclosporine) Cautions

Inform your healthcare provider of any pre-existing health condition. Individuals with the following conditions must avoid taking cyclosporine or use it with strict caution:

• Uncontrolled high blood pressure
• Types of cancer (skin cancer or lymphoma)
• Kidney or liver disease
• Mineral imbalance
• Pregnant women

Cyclosporine has the capacity to interact with other medications, which may result in adverse effects that could be severe. Some of the drugs that may interact with cyclosporine include:

• Antibiotics (erythromycin, clarithromycin, rifampin)
• Antifungal medications (fluconazole, ketoconazole)
• Antiviral medications (acyclovir, ritonavir
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Birth control pills
• Diuretics
• Calcium channel blockers
• Statins
• Live vaccines

Cyclosporine can increase your sensitivity to sunlight and UV radiation, which can lead to an increased risk of sunburn, skin rash, and other skin-related side effects. Therefore, patients must take precautions to protect their skin by wearing protective clothing, applying sunscreen with a high SPF, and avoiding prolonged direct exposure to the sun or tanning beds.

Neoral (cyclosporine) Form and Strength

Neoral is available in the following forms and strengths:

• Neoral capsule
  • 10 mg
  • 25 mg
  • 50 mg
  • 100 mg
• Cyclosporine capsule
  • 25 mg
  • 50 mg
  • 100 mg
• Cyclosporine liquid
  • 50 mL (5000 mg bottle; 100 mg/mL)

FAQ

Is Neoral a steroid?

No, Neoral (cyclosporine) is not a steroid. This oral medication belongs to a class of drugs called calcineurin inhibitors.

How long does it take for Neoral to work?

Neoral can start working in a few weeks to months.

Resources

1. https://www.novartis.com/us-en/sites/novartis_us/files/neoral.pdf
2. https://www.drugs.com/mtm/neoral.html
3. https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-12252-4108/neoral-oral/cyclosporine-microemulsion-capsule-oral/details
4. https://www.rxlist.com/neoral-drug.htm